Hybrid RSS/AOA emitter location estimation based on least squares and maximum likelihood criteria

Linear least squares (LS) and maximum likelihood (ML) estimators are derived for emitter geolocation using both received signal strength (RSS) and angle of arrival (AOA) information obtained from an heterogeneous sensor array. The results of simulation experiments provide useful insights into the behavior of these hybrid approaches and demonstrate that the use of simple RSS sensors to augment traditional AOA sensors can significantly improve the attainable geolocation accuracy.