Aircraft–borne radiometer measurements made within three cirrus cloud layers are presented together with associated in situ cloud microphysical data. The angular variation of the observed shortwave radiances is simulated using a Monte Carlo multiple-scattering model, making use of a number of scattering phase functions, both theoretical and experimental. It is found that, in general, the laboratory-measured phase functions yield the closest agreement with the aircraft radiances.
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Peter N. Francis (1995) studied this question.