Test comparisons among stress-affected, stress-resilient, and nonclassified fourth- through sixth-grade urban children

Test performance of three groups of urban 4th- through 6th-graders – highly stressed children with stress-resilient (SR) or stress-affected (SA) adjustment outcomes, and demographically matched nonclassified (NC) peers – from 2-year cohorts, was compared on measures used both to select SRs and SAs and to expand the definitional net for childhood resilience. On adjustment-selection and verification measures, SRs exceeded NCs and NCs exceeded SAs. On the criterion test measures, both SRs and NCs exceeded SAs.