Key result
Beach tennis yields a ~87% responder rate for post-exercise systolic hypotension, outperforming conventional exercise modalities.
Why the study?
Post-exercise hypotension is typically reported as mean values despite expected high inter-individual variation across different exercise modalities, prompting evaluation of individual blood pressure responses in adults with hypertension.
Do different exercise modalities (beach tennis, aerobic, resistance, combined) improve the rate of responders for post-exercise hypotension in adults with hypertension compared to a non-exercising control?
Do different exercise modalities (beach tennis, aerobic, resistance, combined) improve the rate of responders for post-exercise hypotension in adults with hypertension compared to a non-exercising control?
Exercise protocols with aerobic characteristics, particularly beach tennis, elicit post-exercise hypotension in the majority of adults with hypertension.
May favor aerobic modalities like beach tennis to maximize post-exercise hypotension responders in hypertension; extends evidence on inter-individual BP response variability.
Post-exercise hypotension (PEH) is typically reported as mean values, but a great inter-individual variation in blood pressure (BP) response after a single exercise session is expected, especially when comparing different modalities of exercise. The purpose was to evaluate the inter-individual BP responses after beach tennis, aerobic, resistance and combined exercise sessions in adults with hypertension. We conducted a post hoc analysis of pooled crossover randomized clinical trials from six previously published studies of our research group, and analyzed data from 154 participants with hypertension (≥35 years). BP was assessed using office BP, and the mean changes throughout the 60 min after recreational beach tennis (BT, n = 23), aerobic (AE, n = 18), combined (COMB, n = 18), and resistance (RES, n = 95) exercise sessions were compared to a non-exercising control session (C). To categorize the participants as responders and non-responders for PEH, the typical error (TE) was calculated as follows: TE = SDdifference/√2, where SDdifference is the standard deviation of the differences in BP measured before the interventions in the exercise and control sessions. Participants who presented PEH greater than TE were classified as responders. The TE was 7 and 6 mmHg for baseline systolic and diastolic BP, respectively. The rate of responders for systolic BP was as follows: BT: 87%; AE: 61%; COMB: 56%; and RES: 43%. For diastolic BP, the rate of responders was as follows: BT: 61%; AE: 28%; COMB: 44%; and RES: 40%. Results evidenced that there was a high inter-individual variation of BP after a single bout of different physical activity modalities in adults with hypertension, suggesting that exercise protocols with aerobic characteristics (i.e., BT, AE, and COMB sessions) presented PEH in most of its practitioners.
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Carpes et al. (2023) studied Hypertension (n=154). Beach tennis, aerobic, resistance, and combined exercise sessions vs. Non-exercising control session was evaluated on Rate of responders for post-exercise systolic hypotension (reduction greater than typical error). Beach tennis resulted in an 87% responder rate for post-exercise systolic hypotension, followed by aerobic (61%), combined (56%), and resistance exercise (43%) in adults with hypertension.
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