Key result
4D flow MRI enables comprehensive 3D visualization and quantification of hemodynamics throughout the human circulatory system for evaluating cardiothoracic and cerebrovascular diseases.
Why the study?
Time-resolved 3D flow imaging (4D flow MRI) has emerged to provide comprehensive 3D visualization and quantification of hemodynamics throughout the circulatory system.
4D flow MRI enables comprehensive 3D visualization and quantification of hemodynamics throughout the human circulatory system.
May support hemodynamic assessment in cardiothoracic and cerebrovascular disease; leaves open prospective validation before clinical adoption.
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important tool for the clinical evaluation of patients with cardiac and vascular diseases. Since its introduction in the late 1980s, quantitative flow imaging with MRI has become a routine part of standard-of-care cardiothoracic and vascular MRI for the assessment of pathological changes in blood flow in patients with cardiovascular disease. More recently, time-resolved flow imaging with velocity encoding along all three flow directions and three-dimensional (3D) anatomic coverage (4D flow MRI) has been developed and applied to enable comprehensive 3D visualization and quantification of hemodynamics throughout the human circulatory system. This article provides an overview of the use of 4D flow applications in different cardiac and vascular regions in the human circulatory system, with a focus on using 4D flow MRI in cardiothoracic and cerebrovascular diseases.
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Soulat et al. (2020) conducted a review in Cardiothoracic and cerebrovascular diseases. 4D flow MRI was evaluated. 4D flow MRI enables comprehensive 3D visualization and quantification of hemodynamics throughout the human circulatory system for evaluating cardiothoracic and cerebrovascular diseases.
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