The assessment of RES integration in the transmission network operation is of great concern for TSOs. In the paper, “ad hoc” dynamic models of the European grid with RES and storage systems have been developed and validated through security enhancements analyses on battery storage applied to both real and forecasted scenarios of renewable penetration. In particular, a detailed network of the ENTSO-E system has been adopted for carrying out the dynamic analyses and achieving reliable results. Finally, comparisons have been made in terms of frequency deviations distribution for different ranges of PV generation variability and different levels of installed storage rated power. The study results suggest that the testing-suite is appropriate not only for the validation of the new models but also for the evaluation of control strategies to mitigate the influence of RES intermittent behavior in the transmission network.
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Parma et al. (2013) studied this question.
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