hERG1 channel subunit composition mediates proton inhibition of IKr in hiPSC-CMs

ABSTRACT hERG1 conducts cardiac IKr and is critical for repolarization of the human heart. Reduced IKr causes long QT syndrome and increases the risk for cardiac arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death. At least two subunits combine to form functional hERG1 channels, hERG1a and hERG1b. Changes in hERG 1a/1b subunit abundance modulates IKr kinetics, magnitude, and drug sensitivity. Studies from native cardiac tissue have suggested that hERG1 subunit abundance is dynamically regulated, but the impact of altered subunit abundance on IKr and its response to external stressors is not well understood. Here, we used a substrate-driven hiPSC-CM maturation model to investigate how changes in relative hERG 1a/1b subunit abundance impact the response of native IKr to extracellular acidosis, a known component of ischemic heart disease and sudden infant death syndrome. IKr recorded from immature hiPSC-CMs display a two-fold greater inhibition by extracellular acidosis (pH 6.3) compared to matured hiPSC-CMs. qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry demonstrated that hERG1a subunit mRNA and protein were upregulated, and hERG1b subunit mRNA and protein were downregulated in matured hiPSC-CMs compared to immature hiPSC-CMs. The shift in subunit abundance in matured hiPSC-CMs was accompanied by an increased in IKr density. Silencing the impact of hERG1b on native IKr kinetics by overexpressing a polypeptide identical to the hERG1a PAS domain reduced the magnitude of IKr proton inhibition in immature hiPSC-CMs to levels comparable to those observed in matured hiPSC-CMs. These data demonstrate that hERG1 subunit abundance is dynamically regulated and that hERG1 subunit abundance determines IKr sensitivity to protons in hiPSC-CMs.