The efficacy of problem-solving communication training alone, behavior management training alone, and their combination for parent–adolescent conflict in teenagers with ADHD and ODD.

Two family therapies were compared using teens with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Ninety-seven families were assigned to either 18 sessions of problem-solving communication training (PSCT) alone or behavior management training (BMT) for 9 sessions followed by PSCT for 9 sessions (BMT/PSCT). Both treatments demonstrated significant improvement in ratings of parent-teen conflicts at the midpoint but did not differ. By posttreatment, both produced improvement on ratings and observations but did not differ. Significantly more families dropped out of PSCT alone than out of BMT/PSCT. At most, 23% of families showed reliable change either by midpoint or by posttreatment, with no differences between therapies. Yet 31%-70% of families were normalized. Group-level change and normalization rates support treatment efficacy, whereas indices of reliable change are less impressive.