What question did this study set out to answer?

Assess the link between maternal Mediterranean diet adherence and early childhood behavioral outcomes, focusing on gene methylation patterns.

Periconceptional Maternal Mediterranean Diet Is Associated With Favorable Offspring Behaviors and Altered CpG Methylation of Imprinted Genes

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Randomized trial examines Mediterranean diet's impact on child behavior and gene health, suggesting nutritional influence on development.

Assess the link between maternal Mediterranean diet adherence and early childhood behavioral outcomes, focusing on gene methylation patterns.
Evaluated 325 mother/infant pairs using regression models to relate maternal Mediterranean diet scores to child behavior scores.
Measured methylation of nine genomically imprinted genes to investigate the association of dietary patterns with gene expression.
Utilized the Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment questionnaire for behavioral scoring.
Child depression inversely linked to maternal Mediterranean diet adherence (Bonferroni-corrected p = 0.041).
Middle and high MDA tertiles showed reduced odds for atypical (OR = 0.40), maladaptive behaviors (ORs = 0.37 and 0.42), and autism spectrum behaviors (ORs = 0.46 and 0.35).
High MDA tertile mothers' offspring exhibited lower depressive (OR = 0.28) and anxiety (OR = 0.42) behaviors, with increased odds of social relatedness (OR = 2.31).

House et al. (2018) studied this question.

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