Key result
Male sex was associated with a higher cardiovascular risk compared with women irrespective of age (P<0.001), while vascular age was higher than chronological age irrespective of sex (P<0.001).
Why the study?
Are cardiovascular risk and vascular age associated with sex or cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension?
Cross-Sectional (n=209)
Are cardiovascular risk and vascular age associated with sex or cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension?
In overweight/obese adults with primary hypertension, vascular age is higher than chronological age, and cardiorespiratory fitness alone may not significantly moderate estimated cardiovascular risk.
Suggests accelerated vascular aging in obese hypertension; leaves open whether sex differences or fitness warrant tailored risk models.
OBJECTIVE: Hypertension (HTN), obesity and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with an increased risk for a cardiovascular event. Enrolling overweight/obese individuals with HTN, the current study aimed to estimate cardiovascular risk (CVR) and vascular age (VA) profiles analyzing potential sex differences, determine whether VA is higher than chronological age, and whether CVR is associated with a low level of CRF. METHODS: Overweight/obese non-Hispanic White participants (n=209; 141 men and 68 women) with primary HTN had their CVR and VA determined using the New Pooled Cohort Risk Equations and The Framingham method, respectively. Considering values of peak oxygen uptake, participants were divided into tertiles for each sex. RESULTS: The CVR, but not VA (P=0.339), was higher (P<0.001) in men compared with women irrespective of age. Irrespective of sex, VA was higher than chronological age (P<0.001). Age and BMI were higher (P<0.05) in the low CRF group compared with that in other groups. There were no differences in CVR (P=0.907) and VA (P=1.643) when values were separated into CRF groups. CONCLUSION: Pooled Cohort Equations could underestimate the risk of suffering a cardiovascular event in the following 10 years in overweight/obese non-Hispanic White women with HTN compared with men. The VA appears to be a useful tool in communicating CVR in this population irrespective of sex. The CRF alone may not be enough to moderate the CVR.
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Gorostegi-Anduaga et al. (2017) conducted a cross-sectional in Primary hypertension and overweight/obesity (n=209). Male sex vs. Female sex was evaluated on Cardiovascular risk (CVR) and vascular age (VA) (p=<0.001). Male sex was associated with a higher cardiovascular risk compared with women irrespective of age (P<0.001), while vascular age was higher than chronological age irrespective of sex (P<0.001).
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