Key result
A review of studies on patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke found that despite a lack of definitive data, appropriate diagnostic and clinical management strategies are emerging.
This review summarizes the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for patients with PFO and cryptogenic stroke, highlighting the ongoing need for definitive clinical evidence.
Emerging PFO strategies in cryptogenic stroke merit review; leaves open need for definitive trials.
BACKGROUND: Over the last two decades the interest on patent foramen ovale (PFO) as a cause of cardioembolism in cryptogenic stroke has tremendously increased, thanks to the availability of better techniques to diagnose cardiac right-to-left shunt by ultrasounds and of percutaneous means of PFO treatment with interventional techniques. Many studies have been published that have attempted to define diagnostic methodology, prognosis, and optimal treatment (pharmacological or percutaneous closure) of PFO patients with cryptogenic stroke. Unfortunately, even today, definitive evidence is still lacking, and clinical management is not consistent among cardiologists. AIMS: This review aims to evaluate the role of PFO in cryptogenic stroke, the diagnostic accuracy of transcranial Doppler, contrast transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of left-fright shunt and PFO; and discuss the indications to medical treatment and percutaneous closure of PFO. METHODS: All studies published in the literature on PFO and cryptogenic stroke are considered and discussed. RESULTS: We define an appropriate diagnostic and clinical management of PFO patients with cryptogenic stroke. CONCLUSION: After many years of interest on PFO and many concluded studies, there are still no definitive data. However, we are on good track for an appropriate management of PFO patients and cryptogenic stroke.
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Savino et al. (2016) conducted a review in Patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke. Patent foramen ovale diagnosis and treatment was evaluated. A review of studies on patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke found that despite a lack of definitive data, appropriate diagnostic and clinical management strategies are emerging.
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