Associations between disease factors and clinical outcomes in common variable immunodeficiency: a systematic literature review

B cells were associated with increased risks of autoimmune cytopenia, lung damage, and infections. Higher total B cells were associated with lower risk of bronchiectasis and mortality. These findings suggest specific relationships are present between lymphoproliferation markers and B-cell subsets and clinical outcomes in CVID. Limitations including heterogeneity in study designs and low- to moderate-quality evidence underscore the need for additional research to validate these associations.