Gender disparities: assessment and treatment of coronary heart disease

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and summarise the current evidence base in relation to the gender-specific presentation and assessment of coronary heart disease. Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death in both men and women worldwide. There remains a common misconception that CHD is predominantly a ‘man's disease’ and that CHD doesn't affect women until they are much older. Much of the evidence base is underpinned by male-based population studies. Design: A systematic review of current qualitative and quantitative primary research literature was used to establish if coronary heart disease patients would benefit from a gender-specific approach. Data Sources: Cochrane library (1898–2014), PubMed (1996–2014), MEDLINE (1946–2014), AMED (1985–2014), Embase (1974–2014), CINAHL (1937–2014), British Nursing Index (1994 – 2014), PsycINFO (1800–2014). Results: Selected studies were reviewed in English and critiqued in accordance with the critical review framework used by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Conclusion: There are clear differences between the genders in relation to coronary heart disease. It is imperative that nursing practice acknowledges this through the greater application of gender-specific care.