Interrelationships Among Piaget's Formal Operational Schemata: Proportions, Probability, and Correlation

Interrelationships among logical reasoning in the areas of proportions, probability, and correlation are reported. Age, gender, and analysis of ordering of the logical reasoning tasks were investigated in a sample of 94 students selected from the 8th, 10th, and 12th grades. A consistent grade-level increase in logical reasoning was found. No gender differences were found in performance in logical reasoning on the tasks, and the developmental relationship, which Inhelder and Piaget (1958) postulated, was shown to exist.