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In this paper, a modified version of Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) is proposed for the optimal energy management of a Microgrid (MG) with Parking Lots (PL) and Distributed Generation (DG) units. A 24-h scheduling for participation in DG units and electric vehicles PLs in two scenarios is done. The PLs are divided into seven group that each group has different trip behavior. Therefore, energy management should be done in such a way as to minimize operating costs according to the charging status of electric vehicles as well as the production capacity of distributed generation sources. Finally, the results of the two scenarios are reviewed separately and compared. The simulation results proved the effectiveness of the proposed method. The MG operation cost is decreased about 63%. Also, the optimization results. The optimization results by the proposed ICA algorithm are compared with the results of genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarming optimization (PSO) algorithms. The optimization results confirm better performance of the proposed algorithm compared to GA and PSO algorithms.
Shokouhandeh et al. (Fri,) studied this question.