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Abstract Although a considerable body of data exists on the parametrization of the ground-state splittings of S-state ions in crystals, relatively little progress has been made in obtaining a quantitative understanding of the mechanisms which determine these parameters. In the course of summarizing our present understanding, we emphasize the need for making planned experiments explicitly aimed at testing theoretical models, such as those proposed in this article. The variable frequency E.P.R. technique is described in some detail, as it has proved to be particularly useful in this respect.
Newman et al. (Sat,) studied this question.
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