The density and biomass of large mammals in Lake Nakuru National Park

Summary Over the past 70 years, human activity has severely limited the diversity and movements of large mammals in the region of Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya. Game counts were begun in April 1970 to assess the status of those species remaining. The density of large mammals per km 2 was found to be 64.20±8.86 (mean ±S.D.) and the biomass density of the six major species in kg/km 2 was 6298±801. The biomass was most heavily concentrated in the grassland‐woodland area south of the lake. Defassa water‐buck was the dominant species accounting for 76% of the biomass density. The probable reasons for their dominance are: (1) favourable habitat; (2) decreased competition; (3) reduced predation; (4) control of poaching; and (5) non‐migratory habits. Future management may ultimately depend on the relationship of waterbuck to the food resources available.