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Conventional fault location systems which use one-terminal AC voltages and currents are difficult to apply to multi-terminal power systems. This paper discusses a new fault location system for multi-terminal single transmission lines. Asynchronous sampling at each terminal is preferred in order to simplify the transmission equipment and an algorithm for synchronizing the asynchronous sampling data is presented. Another algorithm is presented which converts the original multi-terminal system by progressively conversion to a system with one fewer terminals to arrive at a 2-terminal system containing the fault. An effective fault locating system can be constructed by combining these algorithms with existing reactive power locating operations. EMTP simulation results are presented.>
Abe et al. (Sun,) studied this question.