Frequency of Thyroid Dysfunction in Metabolic Syndrome

Background: The goal of the study was to determine the frequency of thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome that was diagnosed according to International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. Methods: The current study was conducted at the department of Medicine, Rai Medical College Teaching Hospital Sargodha - Pakistan from July 2022 to December 2022. In all, 306 individuals suffering from metabolic syndrome were enrolled in this investigation. Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA) procedure was used for thyroid function tests. Automated clinical Chemistry analyzers were used for testing the glucose and lipid profile. GOD-POD (Glucose- oxidase-peroxidase) end point Trinder’s system were used for detecting glucose. Cholesterol oxidase test were used for total cholesterol measurement and by enzymatic method Triglycerides were found out through. For HDL and LDL cholesterol direct homogenous method was applied. Results: A total of 306 patients participated in this study. The percentage of male were more (55.5%) than female (44.4%) Out of 170 male patients 44 were 30-40 years of age, 72 were of age 41-50 and 54 individuals age was 51-60 years. In male the age group 41-50 were in higher number (42.3%) compared to the age group 51-60(31.7%) and 30-40(25.8). Out of 136 females 28 were of 30-40 years of age, 44 were of 14-50 and 64 were of 51 to 60 years of age. In female patients there were more patients in age group 51-60(47%) compared to 41-50(32.3%) and 30-40(28.5%). The mean age of male 46.6 and female patients was 48.2 yrs. While comparing other variables, the mean TGL values in the male study group was found to be high compared to the female group . In both groups the values of TSH were same. Within the age group of 31-40 years had high fasting sugars (60 %) . Out of the 306 patients with metabolic syndrome, 46% had abnormal thyroid function tests. Subclinical hypothyroidism was the most common amongst, 36% and 15% of the study population had hypothyroidism, while subclinical hyperthyroidism was seen in only 4 patients (2.%) and one patient had hyperthyroidism (1%). Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is reported to be prevalent in the individuals with metabolic syndrome who were the subject of the study. Subclinical hypothyroidism accounted for 37% of the study population overall and 70% of thyroid dysfunction, making it more frequent than other thyroid disorders. Patients having metabolic syndrome have a high frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism, thus one must be very suspicious of it