ACEI exposure was associated with an increased risk of angioedema compared with beta-blockers (HR 2.91; 95% CI 2.75-3.07), with the highest risk observed among black patients.
Cohort
Does ACEI or ARB use increase the risk of angioedema compared to beta-blockers in older adults, and is this modified by race/ethnicity?
ACEI use is associated with a significantly increased risk of angioedema compared to beta-blockers, particularly in the first 30 days of use and among black patients, whereas ARBs do not show this increased risk.
Hazard Ratio: 2.91 (95% CI 2.75–3.07)
PURPOSE: Assess angioedema risk with exposure to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) compared with beta-blockers, by race/ethnicity. METHODS: New-user cohorts of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years or older initiating ACEI, ARB, or beta-blocker treatment from March 2007 to March 2014 were constructed. Angioedema incidence rates by drug and race/ethnicity were computed for 1-30 and 31-365 days of treatment. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine angioedema risk between cohorts. RESULTS: Angioedema incidence rates (per 1000 person years) in beta-blocker users were 1.80 (whites), 4.11 (blacks), 1.89 (Asians), and 2.10 (Hispanics); in ACEI users, 4.03, 23.77, 2.94, and 4.27; and in ARB users, 1.73, 3.11, 1.10, and 1.90, respectively. Incidence rates were significantly higher in the first 30 days of exposure for all drug × race/ethnic groups. Overall, angioedema risk increased among ACEI users (hazard ratio, 2.91; 95% confidence interval, 2.75-3.07) but not ARB users (0.93, 0.85-1.02) versus beta-blocker users. Angioedema risk with ACEIs versus beta-blockers increased more in blacks (6.28, 5.44-7.24) than whites (2.33, 2.19-2.48), Hispanics (2.04, 1.36-3.07), and Asians (1.48, 0.94-2.35). Compared with white beta-blocker users, angioedema risk was increased 2.9-fold in whites, 20.2-fold in blacks, and 2.3-fold in other race/ethnic groups combined during the first 30 days of ACEI exposure. CONCLUSIONS: There was significant effect modification of angioedema risk by race and ACEI use for blacks, but not for other race/ethnicity groups. Angioedema risk was significantly greater in the first 30 days of exposure for all, and highest among blacks.
Reichman et al. (Wed,) conducted a cohort in Angioedema associated with antihypertensive drugs. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) vs. Beta-blockers was evaluated on Angioedema risk (HR 2.91, 95% CI 2.75-3.07). ACEI exposure was associated with an increased risk of angioedema compared with beta-blockers (HR 2.91; 95% CI 2.75-3.07), with the highest risk observed among black patients.