I n 1969, just a little over 20 years ago, Lee J. Cronbach and Patrick Suppes coedited a book entitled Research for Tomorrow's Schools in which they drew a distinction between two kinds of research, each of which they portrayed as having an important bearing on education. The first of these they called decision-oriented inquiry, the second, conclusion-oriented. Here is how they described the difference:
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Philip W. Jackson (1990) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 3 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: