Prevalence, risk predictors, and functional impact of knee injuries among recreational athletes: A prospective observational analysis

Background: Knee injuries are a common cause of morbidity among recreational athletes and often lead to pain, functional impairment, and delayed return to physical activity. Understanding the prevalence, risk factors, and recovery patterns is essential for effective management and prevention strategies. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors, and functional outcomes of knee injuries among recreational athletes in a tertiary care setting. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included 100 recreational athletes aged 18–40 years with clinically and radiologically confirmed knee injuries. Participants were assessed at baseline and followed up at 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. Pain intensity was measured using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and functional status was evaluated using the Lysholm knee scoring scale. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-tests and Chi-square tests, with a significance level set at P<0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 27.8±5.6 years, with a male predominance (68%). Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury was the most common injury (46%), followed by meniscal injuries (32%). Significant improvement was observed in pain and functional outcomes over time. The mean VAS score decreased from 6.8±1.1 at baseline to 0.5±0.4 at 1 year, while the mean Lysholm score increased from 58.4±12.2 to 95.6±3.8 (P<0.001). The mean time to return to pre-injury activity was 8.2±1.9 weeks, with 82% of participants returning within 10 weeks and complete return achieved by 6 months. Conclusion: Knee injuries among recreational athletes are frequently associated with modifiable risk factors. Early diagnosis, appropriate management, and structured rehabilitation significantly improve pain, functional outcomes, and return-to-activity rates. Long-term follow-up demonstrates sustained functional recovery.