Development of a Structural Model of Energy Processes in the Electrical Contacts Composition under Different Conditions

Increasing requirements for the efficient and reliable operation of electrical devices sys-tematizes scientific research into contact elements, which are leading during their switch-ing operations. Therefore, consideration of global issues must begin with determining the features of the operation of the main elements and the processes that contribute to their destruction. The purpose of the work is consideration of issues of the development of emission processes under conditions of changes in various factors in the composition of electrical contacts and development of a structural model that reflects the relationship of phenomena and processes occurring under conditions of energy influences. Scientific nov-elty is the research of contact compositions that have special thermoemissive properties, which are obtained by introducing an active additive. To determine the criteria for in-creasing the reliability and efficiency of such contact compositions in the design of electri-cal devices, a structural model has been created. The model algorithm structures the fea-tures of physical processes occurring on the working surfaces of contact pairs and suggests further research methods and results. Also, the scientific novelty includes the approach to organizing scientific research using both real operating conditions of electrical contacts and theoretical research. All this contributes to the possibilities of modulating processes and phenomena in the areas around the electrodes of electrical contacts. The proposed approach to research and obtaining superior results in real contact operating conditions contributes to the creation of optimal contact compositions for any switching electrical device. At the same time, the mechanism of emission processes and the development of phenomena under temperature influence and the occurrence of an electric arc in different areas of the contact surface reveals the possibilities of reducing erosion processes, spatter-ing of the contact material, as well as their welding, since it is these problems that in most cases lead to an emergency situation during the operation of contact pairs of electrical devices.