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June 4, 2026Sport Sciences for HealthOpen Access

Ice hockey goaltenders’ gaze behavior: differences between elites and amateurs

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Authors

JLJuuso O. LaukkanenUniversity of JyväskyläJAJuha P. AhtiainenUniversity of JyväskyläSISusanna M. IsotaloUniversity of Jyväskylä

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Implication

Cross-sectional study compares gaze strategies in elite vs. amateur goaltenders, suggesting training benefits.

Key Points

  • This research aims to examine gaze behavior differences in elite and amateur ice hockey goaltenders during game-like scenarios.
  • Participants: 10 male goaltenders (5 elite, 5 amateur)
  • Gaze behavior measured using eye-tracking technology during static 1–0 and dynamic 2–0 drills
  • Comparison of fixation patterns and quiet eye metrics across predefined areas of interest.
  • Elite goaltenders had fewer fixations per trial with significant effect sizes (p < 0.001, g = –1.39 for 1–0; p < 0.001, g = –1.03 for 2–0)
  • Elite goaltenders showed longer absolute fixation duration (p < 0.001, g = 0.92; p < 0.001, g = 0.89)
  • Longer quiet eye duration was observed in the 1–0 drill (p < 0.001, g = 1.05) and relative to trial duration in the 2–0 drill (p = 0.01, g = 0.36).

Cite This Study

Laukkanen et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a2116cfd499ed480b16fc38https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-026-01774-x
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