Modern Treatment of Herpes Virus Infection and Problems of Resistance to Antiviral Drugs

This article comprehensively analyzes modern treatment methods for infections caused by Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2), the problem of antiviral drug resistance, and promising therapeutic approaches. Herpes infection is one of the most widespread chronic viral diseases worldwide, characterized by the lifelong persistence of the virus in nerve ganglia in a latent state, which significantly complicates complete eradication of the infection. The article discusses the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and principles of use of major antiviral drugs such as acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir, as well as issues related to the emergence of resistant viral strains. In addition, modern scientific data on immunomodulators, therapeutic vaccines, mRNA technologies, CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing systems, epigenetic regulation, and novel treatment strategies based on natural antiviral compounds are presented.