The Synergy of Nuclear, Renewable Energy and ICT for Sustainable Development in the EU

This study examines the roles of information and communication technology (ICT) investment, renewable energy and nuclear energy in driving green growth in the European Union (EU) using quarterly time‐series data from 2000Q1 to 2024Q1. Unlike the existing literature that relies primarily on cross‐country panel data, this study adopts an EU‐level macro time‐series approach to capture aggregate regional dynamics and interaction effects. Using OLS‐HAC and dynamic GMM estimators, the analysis evaluates both the direct and interaction effects of ICT and energy sources on green growth, economic performance and environmental outcomes. The findings indicate that ICT investment and renewable energy significantly promote green growth and improve environmental performance. Importantly, the interaction between ICT and renewable energy is consistently positive and significant, suggesting that digital technologies enhance the efficiency and integration of renewable energy systems. In contrast, nuclear energy exhibits statistically inconsistent and model‐dependent effects, indicating an unclear contribution to green growth in the EU. The results highlight the importance of integrated policies that combine ICT development with renewable energy systems, particularly through smart infrastructure and digital energy management, to accelerate the transition toward a low‐carbon economy.