The modern professional language of law enforcement officers is actively expanding with lexical borrowings reflecting international trends in law enforcement and the development of interstate cooperation in combating crime. These borrowings are integrated into the established system of professional vocabulary, complementing both official terminology and informal jargon. The purpose of this study is to identify and systematize the specifics of foreign-language borrowings in the professional sublanguage of law enforcement officers, as well as to develop recommendations for their justified use in official and scientific-academic communication. The object of this study is the professional speech and terminology of law enforcement officers of the Russian Federation. The subject of this study is lexical borrowings (discursive anglicisms, Greco-Latin internationalisms, nomenclature units, abbreviations, and acronyms) penetrating the law enforcement sublanguage, their typology, degree of linguistic adaptation. The methodological basis of the study was made up of descriptive and comparative methods, contextual and discourse analysis, the method of terminological modeling and lexical-semantic interpretation. The scientific novelty lies in the development of the author’s four-level typology of borrowings specific to the discourse of law enforcement agencies; in a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of terminological adaptation of modern units; in identifying the nominative, indexical, and pragmatic functions of discursive anglicisms. The study shows that borrowings in the speech of law enforcement officers represent a natural process of integrating the Russian law enforcement system into the global legal and technological space. The identified types of borrowings demonstrate varying degrees of assimilation, but share a common vector of functional justification. Practical recommendations suggest a basic algorithm for analyzing the appropriateness or inappropriateness of borrowings in professional speech by an employee of internal affairs bodies. The study confirms the need for systemic terminological adaptation, rather than artificial restrictions, to ensure the accuracy, transparency and effectiveness of professional communication.
Valentina Nikolaevna Shashkova (Fri,) studied this question.