Introduction: Sthaulya (obesity) is described in Ayurveda as a Santarpanottha Vyadhi caused by excessive nourishment and abnormal accumulation of Meda Dhatu. It is associated with aggravation of Kapha Dosha, Agnimandya, and Srotorodha, leading to various metabolic disturbances. Improper dietary habits such as excessive consumption of Guru, Snigdha, Madhura Ahara, along with sedentary lifestyle factors like Avyayama, Diwaswapna, and Atinidra, play a significant role in its development. Ayurveda emphasizes the importance of Pathya Ahara and Vihara (wholesome diet and lifestyle) as a fundamental component in the management and prevention of diseases, including Sthaulya. Materials and Methods: The present study is a literary review primarily based on the Ayurvedic text Yogaratnakara, particularly the Medoroga Chikitsa Adhyaya from the Uttarardha section. Relevant information regarding Nidana, Purvarupa, Rupa, Samprapti, Chikitsa, and Pathya Ahara-Vihara was collected and systematically compiled from the text and related literature. Observation: The study identified several etiological factors responsible for Sthaulya, including excessive intake of Madhura, Snigdha, Guru Ahara, Navanna, Dadhi, Ikshu Vikara, and sedentary habits such as lack of exercise and excessive sleep. Pathya Ahara recommended in Yogaratnakara includes Purana Shali, Mudga, Kulattha, Kodrava, Yava, Shyamaka, and Madhu, while Pathya Vihara includes Shrama, Adhwa, Vyavaya, and Ratri Jagarana. Analysis of the Rasapanchaka of these Dravya reveals predominance of Kashaya Rasa, Laghu and Ruksha Guna, and Medohara or Lekhaniya properties, which reduces excessive Meda Dhatu and support weight management. Discussion: Pathya Ahara plays a key role in the management of Sthaulya, as it helps reduce excess Meda through its Laghu and Ruksha properties. Millets, due to their high fiber and low glycemic index, support weight and metabolic control. The Mediterranean diet shows similar benefits by promoting balanced, wholesome eating, improving digestion, reducing inflammation, and supporting gut health. Thus, combining Ayurvedic dietary principles with millet-based foods and Mediterranean concepts provides an effective and practical approach for managing Sthaulya. Conclusion: This review highlights the key role of Pathya Ahara in managing Sthaulya by improving metabolism and reducing excess Meda Dhatu. Therefore, combining Ayurvedic dietary practices with modern nutritional approaches offers an effective and sustainable strategy for the prevention and management of Sthaulya.
Loriya et al. (Tue,) studied this question.