Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Emergency department thoracotomy remains a formidable tool within the trauma surgeon's armamentarium. Since its introduction during the 1960s, the use of this procedure has ranged from sparing to liberal. In many urban trauma centers this procedure has found a niche as part of the resuscitative process because of the great improvements in Emergency Medical Services (EMS) systems, allowing many patients to arrive in either impending or full cardiopulmonary arrest.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Ad Hoc Subcommittee on Outcomes Working Group (2001) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: