Key result
Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is linked to lower cardiometabolic disease risk scores in children.
Why the study?
Cardiometabolic disease risk begins early in life and healthy lifestyle behaviors can mitigate risk, but the optimal combination of behaviors has not been determined.
Are fitness, activity behaviors, and dietary patterns associated with cardiometabolic disease risk in preadolescent children?
Cross-Sectional (n=316)
Yes
Are fitness, activity behaviors, and dietary patterns associated with cardiometabolic disease risk in preadolescent children?
Higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower sedentary time are associated with a lower cardiometabolic disease risk score in preadolescent children.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports fitness assessment in pediatric risk stratification; hypothesis-generating for interventions targeting CRF and sedentary time.
Background: Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk often begins early in life. Healthy lifestyle behaviors can mitigate risk, but the optimal combination of behaviors has not been determined. This cross-sectional study simultaneously examined the associations between lifestyle factors (fitness, activity behaviors, and dietary patterns) and CMD risk in preadolescent children. Methods: 1480 New Zealand children aged 8–10 years were recruited. Participants included 316 preadolescents (50% female, age: 9.5 ± 1.1 years, BMI: 17.9 ± 3.3 kg/m2). Fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF], muscular fitness), activity behaviors (physical activity, sedentary, sleep), and dietary patterns were measured. Factor analysis was used to derive a CMD risk score from 13 variables (adiposity, peripheral and central hemodynamics, glycemic control, and blood lipids). Results: Only CRF (β = −0.45, p < 0.001) and sedentary time (β = 0.12, p = 0.019) were associated with the CMD risk score in the adjusted multivariable analysis. CRF was found to be nonlinear (VO2 max ≤ ≈42 mL/kg/min associated with higher CMD risk score), and thus a CRF polynomial term was added, which was also associated (β = 0.19, p < 0.001) with the CMD risk score. Significant associations were not found with sleep or dietary variables. Conclusion: The findings indicate that increasing CRF and decreasing sedentary behavior may be important public health targets in preadolescent children.
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Castro et al. (2023) conducted a cross-sectional in Cardiometabolic disease risk (n=316). Cardiorespiratory fitness and sedentary time was evaluated on Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk score (β = -0.45, 95% CI -0.56, -0.34, p=<0.001). Higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower sedentary time were and independently associated with a lower cardiometabolic disease risk score in preadolescent children.
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