Strengthening the Sustainability and Resilience of Global Supply Chains: An Integrated Risk Assessment Framework for International Logistics Security

Global supply chains face increasing disruption from security-related risks, including cargo theft, illicit trade, document forgery, and cyberattacks-challenges that pose serious threats to sustainable development, especially in vulnerable and emerging economies.This study proposes a comprehensive decision-support framework designed to identify, assess, and rank logistics-related criminal threats, with the goal of strengthening the resilience and sustainability of international logistics systems.The model integrates Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) for initial risk detection and prioritization, fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (fuzzy AHP) to determine the relative importance of sustainability-relevant criteria (such as legal, environmental, financial, and reputational impacts), and the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method to perform final ranking.A real-world case study in international logistics demonstrates the framework's applicability and robustness.Results highlight how this integrated approach can support informed decision-making by governments, port authorities, and global logistics firms to mitigate risk and enhance supply chain continuity.By aligning technical methods with sustainable risk governance principles, this study contributes practical insights into building more adaptive, secure, and sustainable logistics infrastructures across borders.