AbstractDifferences between global and actual measures of perceived crowding are investigated in an intra-individual analysis of 773 on-site visitors to an urban forest by comparing the two concepts for daily and hourly measurements. A sample of current and long-term visitor counts, measured in daily and hourly units, is added for reference points, allowing the investigation of the effects of visitor characteristics and additional situational factors on both measures. The global measure was significantly higher compared to the actual measure, even at the peak days and peak hours of the year. MANOVA analysis identified several situational and social factors such as past experience and group characteristics as influencing the differences between both measures consistently.
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Arnberger et al. (2007) studied this question.
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