Key result
Acute viral encephalitis in children resulted in a 28% mortality rate, with 24% of survivors experiencing neurological sequelae.
Observational (n=57)
Acute viral encephalitis in children carries a high mortality rate (28%) and significant risk of neurological sequelae (24% of survivors), with age and rapid deterioration of consciousness predicting poor outcomes.
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Prompts vigilance for poor outcomes in pediatric viral encephalitis; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation before guiding care.
Fifty-seven cases satisfying criteria of the diagnosis of acute viral encephalitis were studied. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 (presumed), 48 cases; Group 2 (postinfectious), nine cases. A possible association of viral aetiology was found in 26%. Viruses isolated were: influenza (3 cases), Coxsackie virus (2), adenovirus (2), mixed cytomegalovirus and adenovirus and herpes simplex viruses (1 case each). The mortality rate was 28%. Among the 41 survivors, 76% were completely normal and 24% had neurological sequelae with focal neurological deficit in 29%; personality changes in 6%; moderate mental retardation in 2%; severe mental retardation in 4%; hyperactivity in 4% and epilepsy in 4%. The best predictors to unfavourable outcome were the rapid rate of deterioration in conscious level after admission and the age of the patients.
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Wong et al. (1987) conducted an observational in Acute viral encephalitis (n=57). Acute viral encephalitis was evaluated on Mortality rate. Acute viral encephalitis in children resulted in a 28% mortality rate, with 24% of survivors experiencing neurological sequelae.
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