Key result
Higher total cholesterol linked to ~7% lower hematological malignancy risk per SD.
Why the study?
Previous studies on metabolic factors and hematological malignancy risk yielded contradictory findings and were limited by potential reverse causality and confounding by inflammation.
Do higher levels of lipid and apolipoprotein biomarkers alter the risk of hematological malignancies in adults?
Cohort (n=563,188)
Do higher levels of lipid and apolipoprotein biomarkers alter the risk of hematological malignancies in adults?
Higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, and ApoA-I are associated with a decreased risk of incident hematological malignancies.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
These associations should not alter lipid targets; leaves open reverse causation or confounding in observational data.
Previous studies have investigated the role of metabolic factors in risk of hematological malignancies with contradicting findings. Existing studies are generally limited by potential concern of reverse causality and confounding by inflammation. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of glucose, lipid, and apolipoprotein biomarkers with the risk of hematological malignancy. We performed a study of over 560,000 individuals of the Swedish AMORIS cohort, with measurements of biomarkers for carbohydrate, lipid, and apolipoprotein metabolism during 1985-1996 and follow-up until 2020. We conducted a prospective cohort study and used Cox models to investigate the association of nine different metabolic biomarkers (glucose, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-C/HDL-C, triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA I), and ApoB/ApoA-I) with risk of hematological malignancy, after excluding the first five years of follow-up and adjustment for inflammatory biomarkers. We observed a decreased risk of hematological malignancy associated with one SD increase of TC (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.91-0.96), LDL-C (HR 0.94; 95% CI 0.91-0.97), HDL-C (HR 0.92; 95% CI 0.86-0.99), and ApoA-I (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.996). Our study highlights a decreased risk of hematological malignancy associated with a higher level of TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, and ApoA-I.
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Liu et al. (2025) conducted a cohort in Hematological malignancy (n=563,188). Total cholesterol (per 1 SD increase) vs. Lower levels of total cholesterol was evaluated on Incident hematological malignancy (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91-0.96). A one standard deviation increase in total cholesterol was associated with a decreased risk of hematological malignancy (HR 0.93), with similar inverse associations observed for LDL-C, HDL-C, and ApoA-I.
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