Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in the prospective, population-based, Hamburg City Health cohort study: objectives and design

Figures

• 

  Fig. 1. Expected overlap between participants with a positive risk score for CAD, AF and HF. Abbreviations: CAD = Coronary artery disease, AF = atrial fibrillation, HF = heart failure

• 

  Fig. 2. CMR protocol. Blue sequences indicate native CMR, green sequences indicate the use of contrast –media and red indicates stress perfusion. Abbreviations: FLASH = fast low angle shot, HASTE = half fourier-acquired single shot turbo spin Echo, LAX = long axis view, LGE = late gadolinium enhancement, MOLLI = modified Look-Locker inversion recovery, PC = post-contrast, PSIR = phase sensitive inversion recovery, SAX = short axis view, bSSFP = balanced steady state free precession, VENC = velocity encoded, VIBE = volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination, 4CH = 4 chamber view, 3CH = 3 chamber view, 2CH = 2 chamber view

• 

  Fig. 3. Cine CMR analysis. A typical mid-ventricular end-diastolic short-axis slice is shown with left-ventricular endocardial (red), papillary muscle (purple) and epicardial (green) contours as well as right-ventricular endocardial contour (yellow)

• 

  Fig. 4. T1 mapping analysis. Endo- (red) and epicardial (green) contours of a representative native T1 map. A 10% endo- and epicardial offset was applied to avoid contamination by blood pool or epicardial tissue. The yellow contour represents the blood pool measurement for ECV calculation

• 

  Fig. 5. Example of a clinically “silent” myocardial infarction. Native mapping and contrast enhanced CMR from a subject with no history of cardiac disease. Arrows indicate a typically ischemic, subendocardial scar on the late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) image (a) in the inferior wall. There was no regional increase in native myocardial T1 (b), but a decrease in post-contrast T1 (c) with subsequent increase in extracellular volume fraction (ECV) (d). The constellation of an ischemic scar without increased native T1 or T2 values was interpreted as a previous, clinically “silent” myocardial infarction in heretofore-unknown coronary artery disease