Dataset used to refine a treatment protocol of a biofeedback-based virtual reality intervention for pain and anxiety in children and adolescents undergoing surgery

Fig. 1. Spline fit of average session duration and% sessions achieving target parameters (with 95% confidence limits). Nonlinear regression was used to examine the impact of average session duration (modeled using restricted cubic splines with 3 knots placed at equally spaced percentiles) on% sessions achieving target parameters while adjusting for preoperative, postoperative, or home use. Random participant effect was inlcuded in the models when significant.

Fig. 2. Spline fit of the number of sessions and% sessions achieving target parameters (with 95% confidence limits). Nonlinear regression was used to examine the impact of average session duration (modeled using restricted cubic splines with 3 knots placed at equally spaced percentiles) on% sessions achieving target parameters while adjusting for preoperative, postoperative, or home use. Random participant effect was inlcuded in the models when significant.

Fig. 3. Stacked bar plot of patient and parent responses to VR content and usability questionnaire items. PEQ, Patient Experience Questionnaire; VR, virtual reality. The vertical reference line indicates the response of ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’. The overall length of the bar corresponds to the number of patients completing each question. The length of the sub-bars corresponds to the frequency of each response.

Fig. 4. Stacked bar plot of patient and parent responses to preoperative education and training questionnaire items. The vertical reference line indicates the response of ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’. The overall length of the bar corresponds to the number of patients completing each question. The length of the sub-bars corresponds to the frequency of each response.

Fig. 5. Stacked bar plot of patient and parent responses to postoperative application questionnaire items. The vertical reference line indicates the response of ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’. The overall length of the bar corresponds to the number of patients completing each question. The length of the sub-bars corresponds to the frequency of each response.

Fig. 6. Stacked bar plot of patient and parent responses to perceived benefits of VR-BF questionnaire items. The vertical reference line indicates the response of ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’. The overall length of the bar corresponds to the number of patients completing each question. The length of the sub-bars corresponds to the frequency of each response.

Fig. 7. Stacked bar plot of patient and parent responses to acceptability and satisfaction of VR-BF questionnaire items. The vertical reference line indicates the response of ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’. The overall length of the bar corresponds to the number of patients completing each question. The length of the sub-bars corresponds to the frequency of each response.

Fig. 8. Stacked bar plot of patient and parent responses to other questionnaire items. The vertical reference line indicates the response of ‘Neither Agree or Disagree’. The overall length of the bar corresponds to the number of patients completing each question. The length of the sub-bars corresponds to the frequency of each response.