Key result
Age over 40 years was the strongest determinant of CKD stage III+ probability, increasing the odds by more than 8-fold (OR 8.23) in a population with an overall prevalence of 5.4%.
Why the study?
Chronic kidney disease is a growing global health problem with faster progression in developing countries such as Iran, prompting an evaluation of the prevalence and determinants of CKD stage III+.
Cross-Sectional (n=30,041)
Yes
Odds Ratio: 8.23 (95% CI 6.91–9.18)
In a large population-based study in southwest Iran, the prevalence of CKD stage III+ was 5.4%, strongly driven by age >40 years, hypertension, and metabolic risk factors.
Background : Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing global health problem with faster progression in developing countries such as Iran. Here we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of CKD stage III+. Methods : This research is part of the Khuzestan Comprehensive Health Study (KCHS), a large observational population-based cross-sectional study in which 30041 participants aged 20 to 65 were enrolled. CKD was determined with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 , based on two equations of Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI). The multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the CKD stage III+ determinants. Results : Prevalence of CKD stage III+ is estimated to be 7.1 %, 5.5%, and 5.4% based on MDRD, CKD-EPI, and combination of both equations, respectively. More than 89% of CKD subjects aged higher than 40 years. In regression analysis, age more than 40 years had the strongest association with CKD stage III+ probability (OR: 8.23, 95% CI: 6.91-9.18). Higher wealth score, hypertension, High-Density Lipoprotein levels less than 40 mg/dl, and higher waist to hip ratio were all associated with CKD stage III+ while Arab ethnicity showed a protective effect (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.57-0.78). Conclusion : Our findings provide detailed information on the CKD stage III+ and its determinants in the southwest region of Iran. Due to strong association between age and CKD stage III+, within a few decades we might expect a huge rise in the CKD prevalence.
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Alvand et al. (2021) conducted a cross-sectional in Chronic kidney disease (CKD stage III+) (n=30,041). Age ≥ 40 years vs. Age < 40 years was evaluated on CKD stage III+ probability (OR 8.23, 95% CI 6.91-9.18). Age over 40 years was the strongest determinant of CKD stage III+ probability, increasing the odds by more than 8-fold (OR 8.23) in a population with an overall prevalence of 5.4%.
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