We present EyePliances: appliances and devices that detect and respond to human visual attention using eye contact sensors. EyePliances receive implicit input from users, in the form of eye gaze, and respond by opening communication channels. By allowing devices to recognize the attentional cues people already provide, requests for explicit input from users can be reduced. Further, eye contact sensing gives devices a mechanism to determine whether a user is available for interruption, and can provide the missing environmental context to improve speech recognition.
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Shell et al. (2003) studied this question.
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