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Sulfate was the dominant anion in throughfall and soil solutions from a chestnut oak (Quercuspinus L.) and a yellow poplar (Liriodendrontulipifera L.) forest in eastern Tennessee. Assuming much of this Formula: see text was of anthropogenic origin, cation-leaching rates from foliage and in soils of these forests would have to have been accelerated by acid deposition by two- to three-fold. This acclerated leaching could, in turn, cause changes in the rates of K + , Ca 2+ , or Mg 2+ cycling according to any of a number of possible scenarios explored in this paper. Subsoils beneath the chestnut oak stand adsorbed Formula: see text from atmospheric deposition, which reduced Formula: see text-mediated cation leaching to some extent. In contrast, subsoils from the yellow poplar stand showed a current net output of Formula: see text (perhaps desorbing sulfate adsorbed during previous periods of higher input) and much higher rates of cation leaching. The yellow poplar site showed net annual exports of Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , K + , and Na + , but the chestnut oak site showed a net accumulation of Ca 2+ and lower net annual exports of Mg 2+ and K + than the yellow poplar site. Both sites had inexplicably large net exports of Na + .
Johnson et al. (Tue,) studied this question.