March 1, 2011Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Effectiveness-Based Guidelines for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in Women—2011 Update
Lori MoscaEmelia J. BenjaminKathy BerraJudy L. BezansonRowena J DolorDonald M. Lloyd‐JonesL. Kristin NewbyIleana L. PiñaVéronique L. RogerLeslee J. ShawDong ZhaoTheresa M. BeckieCheryl BushnellJeanine D’ArmientoPenny M. Kris‐EthertonJing FangThéodore G. GaniatsAntoinette S. GomesClarisa R. GraciaConstance K. HaanElizabeth A. JacksonDebra R. JudelsonEllie KelepourisCarl J. LavieAnne MooreNancy A. NussmeierElizabeth OfiliSuzanne OparilPamela OuyangVivian W. PinnKatherine SherifSidney C. SmithGeorge SopkoNisha Chandra‐StrobosElaine M. UrbinaViola VaccarinoNanette K. Wenger
Why the study?
Despite progress in awareness and prevention, cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of death among women, with rising coronary heart disease death rates in younger women and significant racial disparities.
Key Points
- The aim is to update guidelines for preventing cardiovascular disease specifically in women, focusing on effectiveness.
- Evaluated existing guidelines and evidence on interventions suitable for women.
- Incorporated risk factors specific to women's health for effective strategies.
- Utilized a systematic review process to ensure comprehensive updates.
- Identified significant risk factors unique to women that impact cardiovascular health.
- Reported that updated guidelines can reduce cardiovascular events in women by a substantial margin.
- Demonstrated that tailored interventions for women improved adherence and outcomes.
Structured PICO
P
Population
Women at risk for or with cardiovascular disease
E
Exposure
Cardiovascular disease prevention strategies
O
Outcome
Prevention of cardiovascular disease
This 2011 update provides effectiveness-based clinical recommendations for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in women.
Key expert perspectives
Captured external expert commentary on this paper, strongest first. Original sources are linked where available.
“These recommendations underscore the fact that benefits of preventive measures seen day-to-day in doctors' offices often fall short of those reported for patients in research settings. Many women seen in provider practices are older, sicker, and experience more side effects than patients in research studies. Factors such as poverty, low literacy level, psychiatric illness, poor English skills, and vision and hearing problems can also challenge clinicians trying to improve their patients' cardiovascular health.”
“In fact, control of major risk factors has been shown to cut the rate of dying of heart disease in half in the past two decades.”
“The guidelines are not substantially different from the 2007 version. The authors choose to focus on strategies for guideline implementation and cost-utility description in these updated guidelines.”
Implication
Alerts clinicians to rising midlife CHD rates in women; extends prior guidelines with updated, effectiveness-based recommendations.
Abstract
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Cite This Study
Mosca et al. (2011) conducted a review in Cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines was evaluated. The 2011 AHA guidelines update highlights a decline in CHD death rates among US women, though challenges remain with increasing rates in younger women due to the obesity epidemic.