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A bird census method is presented that is designed for tall, structurally complex vegetation types, and rugged terrain. With this method the observer counts all birds seen or heard around a station, and estimates the horizontal distance from the station to each bird. Count periods at stations vary according to the avian community and structural complexity of the vegetation. The density of each species is determined by inspecting a histogram of the number of individuals per unit area in concentric bands of predetermined widths about the stations, choosing the band (with outside radius x)where the density begins to decline, and summing the number of individuals counted within the circle of radius x and dividing by the area (π x2). Although all observations beyond radius x are rejected with this procedure, coefficients of detectability may be determined for each species using a standard fixed maximum distance.
Reynolds et al. (Fri,) studied this question.