Expression of Three RNase Activities during Natural and Dark-Induced Senescence of Wheat Leaves

We have monitored the activities of RNases WL(A), WL(B), and WL(C) (A Blank, TA McKeon 1991 Plant Physiol 97: 1402-1408) during leaf senescence in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Chinese Spring). When seedlings were induced to senesce in darkness, protein loss from primary leaves began immediately. RNase WL(B) activity was unchanged for 2 days and then rose linearly, reaching a sixfold elevation in 7 days. RNase WL(C) activity declined for 2 days and then rose linearly, reaching a twofold elevation in 7 days. RNase WL(A) activity declined in the first 2 days and was unchanged thereafter. Although differentially expressed, these RNase activities may respond to a common regulatory mechanism(s) which, at 2 days of darkness, signals progression into a more advanced stage of senescence. The RNase activities were also differentially expressed during light-induced recovery, returning to normal levels in dissimilar patterns. In flag leaves of greenhouse-grown wheat, the three RNase activities increased during the early postanthesis period when protein content was stable and underwent further, accelerated accumulation during senescence. RNase WL(B) activity showed the largest overall senescence-associated elevation (sixfold), followed by RNase WL(C) (fourfold) and RNase WL(A) (threefold).