Key result
Increasing duration of residence in Australia was associated with decreased CVD mortality among migrants, including those from New Zealand (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92-0.98; P<0.01 per 5-year increase).
Why the study?
Does duration of residence affect circulatory disease mortality among migrants in Australia compared to the Australia-born population?
Observational
Does duration of residence affect circulatory disease mortality among migrants in Australia compared to the Australia-born population?
Relative Risk: 0.95 (95% CI 0.92–0.98)
p-value: p=<0.01
CVD mortality diverges from the Australian rate and decreases with longer duration of residence for several migrant groups, suggesting sustained cardio-protective behavioral practices.
Longer residence may support protective behaviors in migrants; hypothesis-generating for acculturation effects on CVD.
BACKGROUND: Very little is known about how acculturation affects health in different societal settings. Using duration of residence, this study investigates acculturation and circulatory disease mortality among migrants in Australia. METHODS: Data from death records, 1998-2002, and from 2001 Census data were extracted for seven migrant groups [New Zealand; United Kingdom (UK)/Ireland; Germany; Greece; Italy; China/Singapore/Malaysia/Vietnam (East Asia); and India/Sri Lanka (South Asia)] aged 45-64 years. Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate the duration of residence effect (categorized in 5-year bands and also as having arrived 2-16, 17-31 and 32 years ago or more), adjusted for sex, 5-year age group and year of death, then additionally for occupational class and marital status (SES) on relative risks (RR) of CVD mortality. RESULTS: Compared with the Australia-born population, CVD mortality was generally lower in each migrant group. Decreasing mortality with increasing duration of residence was observed for migrants from New Zealand (RR 0.95, 95% Confidence Interval 0.92-0.98, P<0.01, per 5-year increase), Greece (0.90, 0.86-0.94, P<0.01), Italy (0.94, 0.91-0.97, P<0.01) and South Asia (0.95, 0.91-0.99, P<0.01), mainly in older age groups. Trends remained after SES adjustment and also when broader categories of duration of residence were used. CVD mortality among migrants from the UK/Ireland appeared to converge towards those of the Australian-born. CONCLUSIONS: These results show divergence in CVD mortality compared with the Australian rate for New Zealanders, Greeks, Italians and South Asians. Sustained cardio-protective behavioural practices in the Australian setting is a potential explanation.
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Gray et al. (2007) conducted an observational in Circulatory disease mortality. Duration of residence vs. Australia-born population was evaluated on CVD mortality (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.98, p=<0.01). Increasing duration of residence in Australia was associated with decreased CVD mortality among migrants, including those from New Zealand (RR 0.95; 95% CI 0.92-0.98; P<0.01 per 5-year increase).
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