Multi-physics and multi-scale coupling mechanisms are significant for increasing the understanding of cardiac function in excitation-contraction, coronary blood flow, and ventricular fluid mechanics.
In this study, we review the development and application of multi-physics and multi-scale coupling in the construction of whole-heart physiological models. Through an examination of recent computational modelling developments, we analyse the significance of coupling mechanisms for the increased understanding of cardiac function in the areas of excitation-contraction, coronary blood flow and ventricular fluid mechanical coupling. Within these physiological domains, we demonstrate and discuss the importance of model parametrization, imaging-based model anatomy and computational implementation.
Lee et al. (Mon,) conducted a review in Cardiac function (computational modelling). Multi-physics and multi-scale coupling in whole-heart physiological models was evaluated. Multi-physics and multi-scale coupling mechanisms are significant for increasing the understanding of cardiac function in excitation-contraction, coronary blood flow, and ventricular fluid mechanics.