Key points are not available for this paper at this time.
Abstract Paramagnetic resonance has been observed in Mn2+, Eu2+ and Gd3+ ions in single crystals of calcium fluoride grown from the melt. The Mn2+ ion has a very small cubic-field Stark splitting (a = + 0.6 ± 0.4 x 10-4 cm-1), and a fluorine hyperfine structure of overall splitting of about 60G due to some covalent bonding with the fluorine ligands. The Eu2+ spectrum has cubic symmetry with splitting parameters b4 = 57.9 + 0.2, b6 = 0.5 + 0.2 ( x 10-4 cm-1), but the Gd3+ spectrum has tetragonal symmetry with much larger Stark splittings; neither ion shows a resolved fluorine structure. The manganese and europium hyperfine structures are closely the same as in other salts with small covalent bonding.
Baker et al. (Tue,) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context: