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In the social sciences literature on interconnections within the Global South, the focus has long been on the study of human mobility rather than material and immaterial circulation. Research has therefore focused on the actors and on the routes of "globalisation from below", and some of the resulting interpretations have been reductive or miserabilist. Commodity chains, economic sectors, the movement of techniques, know-how, and ideas, and infrastructures have all been relegated to the back...
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Giorgio Blundo (2023) studied this question.
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