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The O III 5007 line is commonly used as an indicator of the systemic redshift of AGNs. Also, recent studies have used the width of this emission line as a proxy for the stellar velocity dispersion in the host galaxy. This paper calls both of these assumptions into question by analyzing a sample of approximately 400 AGN spectra from the first data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. These spectra show that the low-ionization forbidden lines (O II, N II, S II) define a consistent redshift, but that the peak of the O III line is blueshifted in approximately half of the AGNs with respect to that redshift. For the sample studied here, the average shift is 40 km/s, with the largest shift being over 400 km/s. The magnitude of this shift is found to be correlated with a number of properties, including the width of the O III line and the Eddington ratio (L/L₄₃₃), derived from the luminosity and width of H-beta.
Todd A. Boroson (Tue,) studied this question.