Key result
Marathon running acutely increased apoptotic endothelial-derived microparticles by 23% (p=0.007) and thrombocyte-derived microparticles by 38% (p≤0.0001).
Why the study?
Does marathon running increase circulating endothelial- and thrombocyte-derived microparticles in marathon runners?
Cohort (n=99)
Does marathon running increase circulating endothelial- and thrombocyte-derived microparticles in marathon runners?
p-value: p=0.008
Marathon running induces an acute increase in circulating apoptotic endothelial- and thrombocyte-derived microparticles, reflecting a transient pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory state.
Acute microparticle rises after marathons warrant caution in high-risk runners; hypothesis-generating for endurance exercise thrombotic risk.
Background Acute vascular effects of high intensity physical activity are incompletely characterized. Circulating microparticles are cellular markers for vascular activation and damage. Methods Microparticles were analysed in 99 marathon runners (49 ± 6 years, 22% female) of the prospective Berlin Beat of Running study. Blood samples were taken within three days before, immediately after and within two days after the marathon run. Endothelial-derived microparticles were labelled with CD144, CD31 and CD62E, platelet-derived microparticles with CD62P and CD42b, leukocyte-derived microparticles with CD45 and monocyte-derived microparticles with CD14. Results Marathon running induced leukocytosis (5.9 ± 0.1 to 14.8 ± 0.3 10 9 /l, p < 0.0001) and increased platelet counts (239 ± 4.6 to 281 ± 5.9 10 9 /l, p < 0.0001) immediately after the marathon. Blood monocytes increased and lymphocytes decreased after the run ( p < 0.0001). Endothelial-derived microparticles were acutely increased ( p = 0.008) due to a 23% increase of apoptotic endothelial-derived microparticles ( p = 0.007) and returned to baseline within two days after the marathon. Thrombocyte-derived microparticles acutely increased by 38% accompanied by an increase in activated and apoptotic thrombocyte-derived microparticles ( p ≤ 0.0001) each. Both monocyte- and leukocyte-derived microparticles were decreased immediately after marathon run ( p < 0.0001) and remained below baseline until day 2. Troponin T increased from 12 to 32 ng/l ( p < 0.0001) immediately after the run and returned to baseline after two days. Conclusion Circulating apoptotic endothelial- and thrombocyte-derived microparticles increased after marathon running consistent with an acute pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory state. Exercise-induced vascular damage reflected by microparticles could indicate potential mechanisms of post-exertional cardiovascular complications. Further studies are warranted to investigate microparticles as markers to identify individuals prone to such complications.
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Schwarz et al. (2017) conducted a cohort in Marathon runners (n=99). Marathon running vs. Baseline (pre-marathon) was evaluated on Circulating endothelial- and thrombocyte-derived microparticles (p=0.008). Marathon running acutely increased apoptotic endothelial-derived microparticles by 23% (p=0.007) and thrombocyte-derived microparticles by 38% (p≤0.0001).
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