Experiences of switching to generic medicines: a qualitative inquiry among Jan Aushadhi Kendra (JAK) users in Hyderabad, India

Introduction In India, 70% out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) on healthcare is attributed to medicines, and generic medicines are known to substantially reduce this expenditure. The Indian Government established Jan Aushadhi Kendras (JAK/Kendras) to improve access of affordable generic medicines; however, its scope, utilisation, and sustainability remains unclear. This study explored the experiences and perceptions of JAK users regarding the quality, availability, affordability, accessibility, and myths surrounding generic medicines in the Indian context. Methods A qualitative exploratory design was employed to undertake this study. Thirty face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide among the users across 11 Jan Aushadhi Kendras in the city of Hyderabad, India. Textual data were coded deductively and analysed thematically in an iterative process, assisted by NVivo-14. Results The users’ decisions to purchase generic medicines were primarily influenced by their previous experiences with generic medicines, its perceived affordability, and the user-friendly services received at the Kendras. However, several challenges and barriers were identified including; mis-conceptions and myths surrounding the quality and effectiveness of generic medicines, as well as the dominance of private pharmacy outlets. These findings are presented in multiple themes and related sub-themes, capturing the pre, post and during visit experiences of the user's buying and using generic medicines from the Jan Aushadhi Kendras. Conclusion This study provides important insights into users’ experiences with generic medicines purchased through the Jan Aushadhi Kendras. The findings have important policy implications, including the need to strengthen and expand the JAK network, improve public awareness, and develop trust in generic medicines, and promote mandatory generic prescribing practices among the healthcare providers.