Current State of the Issue of Cardiovascular System Adaptation to Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents With Undifferentiated Connective Tissue Dysplasia

This study is devoted to a systematic investigation of the characteristics of cardiovascular system adaptation to physical exercise in children and adolescents engaged in sports and physical education against the background of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD). The research provides a comprehensive assessment of autonomic regulation and functional capacity in this group of patients through the analysis of phenotypic characteristics, echocardiographic findings, and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters. In young athletes with UCTD, inadequate physiological responses of peripheral circulation, arterial blood pressure, and heart rhythm during physical exertion, as well as delayed recovery processes, were identified. Based on the study results, safe and effective individualized physical rehabilitation and preventive programs adapted to the functional characteristics of children were developed, and their high effectiveness in improving cardiovascular endurance was demonstrated. The proposed algorithms have important practical significance in pediatric practice, physical education centers, and sports medicine for the prevention of cardiovascular complications.